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Aquilaria malaccensis

Scientific Name
Aquilaria malaccensis
Family Name
Thymelaeaceae
Common Names
Agallochum, aloe-wood, eagle wood
Local Names
Agar, agru (Bangladesh), Gaharu (Indonesia), Gaharu, tengkaras, karas.(Malaysia)
Description
A medium to large tree, to 35m tall, 176cm girth and usually with thick buttresses.Bark smooth and can be sripped off easily in long fibers. Sapwoo soft and white.Leaves spiral, elliptic-oblong, to 10cm x 4cm, thinly leathery, glabrous and broadlyacuminate; margins slightly undulate. Inflorescence, mostly axillary, in clusters ofmany fragrant flowers; peduncle to 2cm long; pedicel to 6mm; calyx tube grenish, to5mm long with 6 reflexed lobes; petals minute and tree. Fruit pear-shapped, to 4cm x2.6cm with persistent calyx; seed densely covered with red hair. (Indonesia)
Tree, up to 20(-40)m tall, with bole up to 60cm in diameter, usually straight,sometimes fluted or with thick (10 cm) buttresses up to 2m high; bark smooth,whitish; branchlets slender, pale brown, pubescent, glabrescent. Leaves simple,alternate; petiole 4-6mm long; blade elliptical-oblong to oblong-Ianceolate, 7.5-12cmx 2.5-5.5cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous, sometimes pubescent andglabrescent beneath, shiny on both surfaces, base acute, attenuate or obtuse, apexacuminate, acumen up to 2cm long; veins in 12-16 pairs, rather irregular, oftenbranched, elevated and distinct beneath, curving upward to the margin, plane orobscure above. Inflorescence a terminal, axillary or supra-axillary, sometimesinternodal umbel, usually branched into 2-3 umbels, each with about 10 flowers;peduncle 5-15mm long; pedicel slender, 3-6mm long; flowers 5-merous, campanulate,5-6mm long, green or dirty-yellow, scattered puberulous outside; floral tube nearlyglabrous inside, distinctly 10-ribbed, persistent in fruit; calyx lobes 5, ovate-oblong,2-3mm long, almost as long as the tube, reflexed, densely puberulous within; petaloidappendages 10, inserted at the throat of the tube, oblong or slightly ovate-oblong,about 1mm long, slightly uncurved, densely pilose; stamens 10, free, emerging fromthe others; anthers linear, obtuse; pistil included; ovary ovoid, 1-1.5mm long, 2-celled,densely pubescent; style obscure, stigma capitate. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, obovoidor obovoid-cylindrical, 3-4cm x 2.5cm, usually compressed, pubescent, glabrescent,base cuneate, apex rounded; pericarp woody. Seed ovoid, 10mm x 6mm including abeak 4mm long, densely red-haired, bearing from the base a twisted, tail-like,pubescent appendage as long as the seed. Seedling with epigeal germination.(Malaysia)
Uses
Tonic, carminative, luxations, diuretic, aphrodisiac, leocoderma, bronchitis, asthma,gout, rheumatism (Bangladesh)
Gout, rheumatism, vertigo, vomiting, fever, paralysis, diarrhoea, tonic (Indonesia)
Cancer, sedative, abdominal ailments, asthma, colic, diarrhoea, aphrodisiac,carminative, insect repellant, child birth, rheumatism, smallpox, abdominal pains, antimicrobial, tuberculosis (Malaysia)
Locations Where Plants Is Conserved
Indonesia - Petak pamer
Remarks
Aquilaria malaccensis (GRIN)

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