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Azadirachta indica

Scientific Name
Azadirachta indica
Family Name
Meliaceae
Common Names
Neem tree.
Local Names
Nim. (Bangladesh), Baypay, mambu, veppam (peninsular) (Malaysia)
Description
A small to medium-sized, usually evergreen tree, up to 15(-30)m tall with round, largecrown up to 10(-20)m in diameter; branches spreading; bole branchless for up to 7.5m,up to 90cm in diameter, sometimes fluted at base; bark moderately thick, with smallscattered tubercles, deeply fissured and flaking in old trees, dark grey outside andreddish inside, with colourless, sticky foetid sap. Leaves alternate, crowded near theend of branches, simply pinnate, 20-40cm long, exstipulate, light green, with 2 pairsof glands at the base, otherwise glabrous; petiole 2-7cm long, subglabrous; rachischannelled above; leaflets 8-19, very short-petioluled, alternate proximally and moreor less opposite distally, ovate to lanceolate, sometimes falcate, (2-)3.5-10cm x 1.2-4.0cm, glossy, serrate, apex acuminate, base unequal. Inflorescence an axillary,many-flowered thyrse, up to 30cm long; bracts minute and caducous; flowersbisexual or male on the same tree, actinomorphic, small, 5-merous, white or paleyellow, slightly sweet scented; calyx lobes imbricate, broadly ovate and thin,puberulous inside; petals free, imbricate, spathulate, spreading, ciliolate inside;stamens 10, filaments fused into a 10-lobed staminal tube, glabrous and slightlyribbed outside, anthers sessile, opposite the rounded to laciniate lobes; disk annular,fused to the base of the ovary; ovary superior, style slender, stigma capitate, 3-lobed.Fruit a 1(-2)-seeded drupe, ellipsoidal, 1-2cm long, greenish, greenish-yellow toyellow or purple when ripe; exocarp thin, mesocarp pulpy, endocarp cartilaginous.Seed ovoid or spherical, apex pointed, testa thin. Seedling with epigeal germination;cotyledons thick, fleshy, elliptical with a rounded apex and sagittate base; first pair ofleaves opposite, subsequent pairs either opposite or alternate, first few leaves usuallytrifoliolate, later 5-foliolate with deeply incised, pinnatifid, or partite leaflets.(Malaysia)
Uses
Tonic, antiseptic, ulcers, eczema, skin diseases, rheumatism (Bangladesh)
Anthelmintic, anti periodic, antiseptic, diuretic, purgative, boils, pimples, eye disease,hepatitis, leprosy, rheumatism, scrofula, ringworms, ulcers, prevent conception,abortifacient, anti bacterial, anti fungal, anti inflammantory, malaria (Malaysia)
Locations Where Plants Is Conserved
Remarks
Azadirachta indica (GRIN)

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