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Carica papaya

Scientific Name
Carica papaya
Family Name
Caricaceae
Common Names
Papaya . papaw.
Local Names
Pepe, pappa. (Bangladesh), Popaiyah (India), Pepaya (Indonesia), Papaya(tagalog) (Philippines), Pepol/gas labu (Sri Lanka)
Description
A subberbaceous tree, leaves divided into seven parts, deeply lobed. Flowers white,dioecious but occasionally monoecious. Plant bearing hermaphrodite flowers havealso been recorded. Male flowers in axillary cymes; female flowers solitary or 2-3together in axiles. Fruits green when unripe and become yellow when ripe. Seednumerous, brown-coloured. (India)
A climbing or, less often, erect, glabrous herb, (3-6)m long; tuber (corm) perennial,horizontal, roots fibrous; aerial stem annual, moderately branche. Leaves alternate,opposite or in whorls of 3(-4), sessile, lanceolate or ovate, entire, base obtuse,(Indonesia)
An erect tree, 2-6m tall, with an unbranched, hollow, soft trunk, 10-60cm diam.,marked with the scars of fallen leaves; leaves alternate, spreading, together forming aterminal crown, petiolate, subpeltately palmate, lamina 30-44cm long, deeply cut into5-7 segments, segments more or less lobed, petioles 58-83cm long, hollow, shorter inthe younger leaves, stipules absent; the trunk and leaves contain a milky juice; flowersregular, dioecious or polygamous, white, yellow or greenish, unisexual or a few in theinflorescence bisexual; male and polygamous inflorescences pendulous with longpeduncles, cymose-paniculate, panicle more or less ample; female very short,generally cymosely 3-flowered; male flowers 2-3.5cm long, elongate, tubulose,yellowish, odorous; calyx very small, sepals 5, free, 4 -5mm long; corolla with a longslender tube 1.3cm long, lobes valvate, oblong, 2.7cm long, 7mm broad, thick andtwisted in the bud; stamens 10, inserted in the throat of the corolla, 5 alternating withthe lobes of the corolla with short filaments, sessile, anthers adnate to filaments,rudiments of ovary awl-shaped, 5mm long, style wanting or very short; female flowers: 4-6.5cm long with corolla cut almost to the base; calyx as in the male; petals 5, 4.7-6.5cm long, 1-1.5cm broad, oblong oi oblong-ovate, falling early, staminodes wanting; ovary superior, large 2.5-3.5cm long, 1 . 2-l .6cm b:oad ovate or oblong-ovate, 5-carpellary, unilocular with numerous parietal ovules, stigma 5-rayed, each ray with several flattened lobes; fruit large, shortly stalked, ovoid, roundish, pear-shaped or ellipsoidal, 20-35cm long, 10-15cm diam., pendulous, varying in colour when ripe from green or yellow, with or without red markings to purple, flesh yellow or red, cavity ample or small with many seeds or none; seeds ellipsoidal, rough, angular, 6-7mm long, enclosed in a membranous aril and in pulp. (Sri Lanka)
Uses
Digestive, diarrhoea, constipation, bleeding, piles, vermifuge, emmenagogue(Bangladesh)
Laxative, anthelmintic, dysentery, carminative, emmenagogue, roundworms,dyspepsia, piles (India)
Vermifuge, sores, high blood pressure, tooth ache, stomach problems, diarrhoea,embryyotoxic, insecticidal, oxytocic (Indonesia)
Cancer, tuberculosis (Philippines)
Vermifuge, fissures, bladder ailments, dyspepsia, cosmetics, gonorrhea, abortifacient,abortifacient, asthma, rheumatism, piles, yawn, anthelmintic, counter irritant, jaundice,irritant (Sri Lanka)
Locations Where Plants Is Conserved
Indonesia - Sukamulya
Philippines - LBES Medicinal Genebank, ERDB
Sri Lanka - Naula, Bibila, Kanneliya, Meegahak, Pinna, Haldummu
Remarks
Carica papaya (GRIN)

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