A robust perennial herb with thick, long roots. Lower leaves broadly ovate. Flowersare small and dark purple in colour. Fruits purple and angled. (India) Perennial herb, up to 2m high. Basal leaves large and upper smaller, broadly ovateblade and heart shaped base. Basal leaves with stout stalk. Flowers Small, dark reddish purple borne in branched clusters. Fruits winged (Nepal)