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Piper nigrum

Scientific Name
Piper nigrum
Family Name
Piperaceae
Common Names
Black pepper
Local Names
Kali mirch (India), Lada, merica, sahang (Indonesia), Paminta (Philippines), Gammiris (Sri Lanka), Hồ tiêu, hạt tiêu, mạy lò (Vietnam)
Description
A stout, glabrous, climbing perennial, rooting at the nodes. Leaves simple, alternate,cordate, broadly ovate, 5-9 nerved. Flowers minute in spikes, usually dioecious,fruiting spikes very variable in length. Fruits ovoid or globose, one-seeded berries,bright red when ripe. Seeds globose, testa thin, perisperm hard and white. (India)
Shurb, climbing 5-15cm, berry red, then black, leaf smelling of pepper when chrushed(Indonesia)
Climbing perennial plant. Stems glabrous, rooting at the nodes. Leaves alternate,conaceous, rounded at the base; apex pointed; recurved nerves prominent beneath.Innorescence in drooping spike of dioecious flowers, opposite to and shorter than theleaf. Berry globular, red when ripe, turning black after drying, 3 - 4mm in diameter,strongly scented and bitter to the taste (Vietnam)
Uses
Arthritis, asthma, fever, cough, catarrh, dysentery, dyspepsia, flatulence, hiccough,haemorrhoids (India)
Stimulant (Indonesia)
Mouth wash, tooth ache, malaria, scabies (Philippines)
Aromatic, carminative, cholera, cough, dysentery, flatulence, gonorrhea, fever, piles, rheumatism, stomachic, bile secretion, culinary purposes, dyspepsia, elephantiasis, poisoning, haemorrhage, shellfish, counter irritant (Sri Lanka)
Stomachic, vanodyne, anti bacterial, dyspepsia, vomiting, diarrhoea, colic, cold, toothache, insecticide (Vietnam)
Locations Where Plants Is Conserved
Indonesia - Sukamulya
Philippines - LBES Medicinal Genebank, ERDB
Sri Lanka - Naula, Bibila, Kanneliya, Meegahak, Pinna
Vietnam - Da Lat
Remarks
Piper nigrum (GRIN)

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